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BA

Brian Appavu, MD

Neurology, Phoenix Children's Hospital, Phoenix Children's Hospital

Phoenix, AZ, USA

About

Critical care neurologist at Phoenix Children's and Clinical Assistant Professor of Child Health and Neurology at the University of Arizona College of Medicine. Program Director of the Pediatric Neurocritical Care Fellowship.

Research Interests

Pediatric NeurologyEEGTraumatic Brain Injury
Website

Publications(27)

Influenza-Associated Acute Necrotizing Encephalopathy in US Children

Silverman A, Walsh R, Santoro JD, Thomas K, Ballinger E, Fisher KS, Thomas AX, Appavu B, Kruer MC, Neilson D, Knoll J, Sharp AN, Edelman HE, Otallah S, Morgan A, Grzezulkowska A, Nguyen J, Rao LM, Hecht SM, Catalano L, Daigle H, Kronfol C, Wharton J, Adams D, Kalawi AZ, Kung M, Arellano JL, Smith L, Segal D, Feja K, Broomall E, Jayakar A, Arnold SR, Retallack H, Press CA, Gombolay G, McLaughlin MH, Kannan V, Thakkar K, Rezwan T, Hulfish E, Eid D, Meylor J, Peng D, Hurtado R, Nickerson T, Mandell I, Carbonell AU, Kerner-Rossi M, Jayaraman D, Davis M, Olivero R, Shah N, Osborne CM, Zhang B, Cortina C, Randolph AG, Rao S, LaRocca T, Van Haren KP, Wilson-Murphy M

JAMA (2025) · DOI → · PubMed

Neurocritical CareSeizuresBiomarkers

Neuromonitoring in Pediatric Neurocritical Care: An Introduction

Appavu B, Kirschen MP, Bell M

Neurocrit Care (2024) · DOI → · PubMed

NeuromonitoringNeurocritical CareEditorial

Multimodal neuromonitoring in the pediatric intensive care unit

Appavu B, Riviello JJ

Semin Pediatr Neurol (2024) · DOI → · PubMed

NeuromonitoringICUReview

Neurophysiologic Features Reflecting Brain Injury During Pediatric ECMO Support

Hanalioglu D, Temkit M, Hildebrandt K, MackDiaz E, Goldstein Z, Aggarwal S, Appavu B

Neurocrit Care (2023) · DOI → · PubMed

ECMO/ECLSBrain InjuryEEG

Status epilepticus treatment: multicenter quality improvement

Ostendorf AP, Loddenkemper T, Morgan LA, Appavu B, Farias-Moeller R, Harrar D, Press C, Abend NS, Gaillard WD, Bai S, Eisner M, McHenry L, Kroshus E, Vannatta K, Goodkin HP

Contemp Clin Trials (2025) · PubMed

Status EpilepticusClinical Trial

Severe Pediatric Neurological Manifestations With SARS-CoV-2 or MIS-C Hospitalization and 1-Year Outcomes

Francoeur C, Alcamo AM, Robertson CL, Wainwright MS, Appavu B

JAMA Netw Open (2024) · PubMed

COVID-19Neurocritical Care

A Survey of Neuromonitoring Practices in North American PICUs

Kirschen MP, LaRovere K, Balakrishnan B, Erklauer J, Francoeur C, Ganesan SL, Jayakar A, Lovett M, Luchette M, Press CA, Wolf M, Ferrazzano P, Wainwright MS, Appavu B

Pediatr Neurol (2022) · PubMed

NeuromonitoringSurveyNeurocritical Care

Time to Treatment in Pediatric Convulsive Refractory Status Epilepticus: The Weekend Effect

Barcia Aguilar C, Amengual-Gual M, Sánchez Fernández I, Abend NS, Anderson A, Appavu B, Arya R, Brenton JN, Carpenter JL, Chapman KE, Clark J, Farias-Moeller R, Gaillard WD, Gaínza-Lein M, Glauser T, Goldstein JL, Goodkin HP, Guerriero RM, Huh L, Lai YC, McDonough TL, Mikati MA, Morgan LA, Novotny EJ, Ostendorf A, Payne ET, Peariso K, Piantino J, Riviello J, Sannagowdara K, Sheehan T, Sands TT, Tasker RC, Tchapyjnikov D, Topjian AA, Vasquez A, Wainwright MS, Wilfong AA, Williams K, Loddenkemper T

Pediatr Neurol (2021) · DOI → · PubMed

Status EpilepticusPharmacologyOutcomes

Factors associated with long-term outcomes in pediatric refractory status epilepticus

Gaínza-Lein M, Barcia Aguilar C, Piantino J, Chapman KE, Sánchez Fernández I, Amengual-Gual M, Anderson A, Appavu B, Arya R, Brenton JN, Carpenter JL, Clark J, Farias-Moeller R, Gaillard WD, Glauser TA, Goldstein JL, Goodkin HP, Huh L, Kahoud R, Kapur K, Lai YC, McDonough TL, Mikati MA, Morgan LA, Nayak A, Novotny E, Ostendorf AP, Payne ET, Peariso K, Reece L, Riviello J, Sannagowdara K, Sands TT, Sheehan T, Tasker RC, Tchapyjnikov D, Vasquez A, Wainwright MS, Wilfong A, Williams K, Zhang B, Loddenkemper T

Epilepsia (2021) · DOI → · PubMed

Status EpilepticusBiomarkersOutcomes

Benzodiazepine administration patterns before escalation to second-line medications in pediatric refractory convulsive status epilepticus

Sheehan T, Amengual-Gual M, Vasquez A, Abend NS, Anderson A, Appavu B, Arya R, Barcia Aguilar C, Brenton JN, Carpenter JL, Chapman KE, Clark J, Farias-Moeller R, Gaillard WD, Gaínza-Lein M, Glauser TA, Goldstein JL, Goodkin HP, Guerriero RM, Huh L, Jackson M, Kapur K, Kahoud R, Lai YC, McDonough TL, Mikati MA, Morgan LA, Novotny EJ, Ostendorf AP, Payne ET, Peariso K, Piantino J, Reece L, Riviello JJ, Sands TT, Sannagowdara K, Shellhaas R, Smith G, Tasker RC, Tchapyjnikov D, Topjian AA, Wainwright MS, Wilfong A, Williams K, Zhang B, Loddenkemper T

Epilepsia (2021) · DOI → · PubMed

Status EpilepticusPharmacologyOutcomes

Early Electroencephalographic Features Predicting Cerebral Physiology and Functional Outcomes After Pediatric Traumatic Brain Injury.

Xie J, Burrows BT, Fox Kensicki J, Adelson PD, Appavu B

Neurocrit Care (2022) · DOI → · PubMed

EEGSeizuresNeurocritical CareCerebrovascularTBIOutcomes

Cerebrovascular dynamics after pediatric traumatic brain injury.

Hanalioglu D, Burrows BT, Adelson PD, Appavu B

Front Physiol (2023) · DOI → · PubMed

CerebrovascularTBIOutcomes

Approaches to neuroprotection in pediatric neurocritical care.

Kochar A, Hildebrandt K, Silverstein R, Appavu B

World J Crit Care Med (2023) · DOI → · PubMed

Neurocritical CareBrain InjuryOutcomes

Intrathecal magnesium delivery for Mg++-insensitive NMDA receptor activity due to GRIN1 mutation.

Lewis SA, Shetty S, Gamble S, Heim J, Zhao N, Stitt G, Pankratz M, Mangum T, Marku I, Rosenberg RB, Wilfong AA, Fahey MC, Kim S, Myers SJ, Appavu B, Kruer MC

Orphanet J Rare Dis (2023) · DOI → · PubMed

SeizuresEpilepsyNeurodevelopment

Common Data Elements for Disorders of Consciousness: Recommendations from the Electrophysiology Working Group.

Carroll EE, Der-Nigoghossian C, Alkhachroum A, Appavu B, Gilmore E, Kromm J, Rohaut B, Rosanova M, Sitt JD, Claassen J

Neurocrit Care (2023) · DOI → · PubMed

qEEGEEGNeurocritical CareDisorders of ConsciousnessReliability

Practice Standards for the Use of Multimodality Neuromonitoring: A Delphi Consensus Process.

Foreman B, Kapinos G, Wainwright MS, Ngwenya LB, O'Phelan KH, LaRovere KL, Kirschen MP, Appavu B, Lazaridis C, Alkhachroum A, Maciel CB, Amorim E, Chang JJ, Gilmore EJ, Rosenthal ES, Park S

Crit Care Med (2023) · DOI → · PubMed

Neurocritical CareTBINeuromonitoringEducation

Common Data Elements for Disorders of Consciousness: Recommendations from the Working Group in the Pediatric Population.

Boerwinkle VL, Appavu B, Cediel EG, Erklaurer J, Lalgudi Ganesan S, Gibbons C, Hahn C, LaRovere KL, Moberg D, Natarajan G, Molteni E, Reuther WR, Slomine BS

Neurocrit Care (2023) · DOI → · PubMed

NeonatalNeurocritical CareNeuroimagingBiomarkersOutcomesDisorders of ConsciousnessReliability

Reversal of Cerebral Arteriopathy Post-Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant for Sickle Cell Disease.

Booth N, Ngwube A, Appavu B, Shah S, Abruzzo T

Pediatrics (2024) · DOI → · PubMed

CerebrovascularOutcomes

Post-discharge outcomes of hospitalized children diagnosed with acute SARS-CoV-2 or MIS-C.

Fink EL, Alcamo AM, Lovett M, Hartman M, Williams C, Garcia A, Rasmussen L, Pal R, Drury K, MackDiaz E, Ferrazzano PA, Dervan L, Appavu B, Snooks K, Stulce C, Rubin P, Pate B, Toney N, Robertson CL, Wainwright MS, Roa JD, Schober ME, Slomine BS

Front Pediatr (2024) · DOI → · PubMed

Neurocritical CareCOVID-19Outcomes

Changes in autonomic function and cerebral and somatic oxygenation with arterial flow pulsatility for children requiring veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation.

Appavu B, Dunning E, Hildebrandt K, Hanalioglu D, Abruzzo T

Brain Spine (2023) · DOI → · PubMed

CerebrovascularECMO/ECLSNeuromonitoring

Corrigendum: Post-discharge outcomes of hospitalized children diagnosed with acute SARS-CoV-2 or MIS-C.

Fink EL, Alcamo AM, Lovett M, Hartman M, Williams C, Garcia A, Rasmussen L, Pal R, Drury K, MackDiaz E, Ferrazzano PA, Dervan L, Appavu B, Snooks K, Stulce C, Rubin P, Pate B, Toney N, Robertson CL, Wainwright MS, Roa JD, Schober ME, Slomine BS

Front Pediatr (2024) · DOI → · PubMed

COVID-19Outcomes

Cerebrovascular Vasospasms, Cerebral Sinus Venous Thrombosis, and Rapid Empyema Reaccumulation in a Child with a Coinfection ofand.

Geiser R, Zorio O, Appavu B

J Child Neurol (2025) · DOI → · PubMed

SeizuresEpilepsyStatus EpilepticusCerebrovascularNeuroimaging

Prevalence and Risk Factors of Neurologic Manifestations in Hospitalized Children Diagnosed with Acute SARS-CoV-2 or MIS-C.

Fink EL, Robertson CL, Wainwright MS, Roa JD, Lovett ME, Stulce C, Yacoub M, Potera RM, Zivick E, Holloway A, Nagpal A, Wellnitz K, Czech T, Even KM, Brunow de Carvalho W, Rodriguez IS, Schwartz SP, Walker TC, Campos-Mino S, Dervan LA, Geneslaw AS, Sewell TB, Pryce P, Silver WG, Lin JE, Vargas WS, Topjian A, Alcamo AM, McGuire JL, Dominguez Rojas JA, Munoz JT, Hong SJ, Muller WJ, Doerfler M, Williams CN, Drury K, Bhagat D, Nelson A, Price D, Dapul H, Santos L, Kahoud R, Francoeur C, Appavu B, Guilliams KP, Agner SC, Walson KH, Rasmussen L, Janas A, Ferrazzano P, Farias-Moeller R, Snooks KC, Chang CH, Yun J, Schober ME

Pediatr Neurol (2021) · DOI → · PubMed

COVID-19

Nursing Interventions and Intracranial Pressure Change in Pediatric Patients With Severe Traumatic Brain Injury.

Mielcarek J, Thompson JA, Appavu B, Adelson PD, Reuter-Rice K

Dimens Crit Care Nurs (2024) · DOI → · PubMed

TBI

Correction: Common Data Elements for Disorders of Consciousness: Recommendations from the Electrophysiology Working Group.

Carroll EE, Der-Nigoghossian C, Alkhachroum A, Appavu B, Gilmore E, Kromm J, Rohaut B, Rosanova M, Sitt JD, Claassen J

Neurocrit Care (2025) · DOI → · PubMed

Disorders of Consciousness

Correction: Common Data Elements for Disorders of Consciousness: Recommendations from the Working Group in the Pediatric Population.

Boerwinkle VL, Appavu B, Cediel EG, Erklaurer J, Lalgudi Ganesan S, Gibbons C, Hahn C, LaRovere KL, Moberg D, Natarajan G, Molteni E, Reuther WR, Slomine BS

Neurocrit Care (2025) · DOI → · PubMed

Disorders of Consciousness

Intracranial multimodal monitoring in neurocritical care (Neurocore-iMMM): an open, decentralized consensus.

Barrit S, Al Barajraji M, El Hadwe S, Niset A, Foreman B, Park S, Lazaridis C, Shutter L, Appavu B, Kirschen MP, Montellano FA, Rass V, Torcida N, Pinggera D, Gilmore E, Ben-Hamouda N, Massager N, Bernard F, Robba C, Taccone FS

Crit Care (2024) · DOI → · PubMed

Neurocritical Care

Conference Abstracts(6)

Factors Associated with Rapid Treatment for Status Epilepticus: Data from the Quality Improvement in Time to Treat Status Epilepticus (QuiTT-SE) Baseline Cohort

Brown-Mitchell G, Loddenkemper T, Morgan L, Appavu B, Farias-Moeller R, Harrar D, Press C, Abend N, Gaillard W, Bai S, Eisner M, McHenry L, Kroshus E, Vanmatta K, Goodkin H, Ostendorf A

American Epilepsy Society Annual Meeting (2025) · poster

EpilepsyNeurocritical CarePharmacologyStatus Epilepticus

Development of a Multicenter EEG Research Consortium and Data Platform to Advance Pediatric Quantitative EEG Research

Press CA, Benedetti GM, Harrar DB, Farias-Moeller R, Tomko S, Jayakar A, Appavu B, Morgan LA, Castillo-Pinto C, Thomas AX, Rau S, Fulton F, Parikh D, Abend NS, Hahn C, Riviello J, Ganesan R, De Freitas D, Dare Y, Wagenaar J

American Epilepsy Society Annual Meeting (2025) · poster

EEGEpilepsyPedQuESTqEEG

Feasibility of Implementation of an Age-Based Guideline for PCPC Scoring

Nelliot A, Thomas AX, Farias-Moeller R, Tomko S, Jayakar A, Appavu B, Harrar DB, Morgan LA, Castillo-Pinto C, Rau S, Fulton M, Press CA, Benedetti GM

American Epilepsy Society Annual Meeting (2025) · poster

Epilepsy

Pediatric Continuous EEG Monitoring Utilization: An 8 Year Cohort Study Using the Pediatric Health Information System Database

Fitts W, Press CA, Zaniletti I, Benedetti G, Nash K, Wells E, Messer R, Palaganas J, Moharir M, Piantino J, Kirschen M, Appavu B, Abend NS

American Clinical Neurophysiology Society Meeting (2025) · poster

EEGNeurocritical CareNeuromonitoring

Nationwide Trends in Pediatric ICU Continuous EEG Use: An 8-Year Retrospective Multi-Center Study

Fitts W, Press CA, Zaniletti I, Benedetti GM, Nash K, Wells E, Messer R, Palaganas J, Moharir M, Piantino J, Kirschen M, Appavu B, Abend NS

American Clinical Neurophysiology Society Meeting (2025) · poster

EEGNeurocritical Care

Challenging Clinical Cases in Pediatric Neurocritical Care: Diagnosis, Management, and Prognostication

Press CA, Kirschen M, Narula S, Appavu B, Guilliams K, Benedetti G

American Academy of Neurology Annual Meeting (2023) · invited

BiomarkersNeurocritical CareOutcomes